Glutathione is widely found in animals and plants and plays an important role in organisms. In human blood, 26 ~ 34mg/100g in chicken blood, 58 ~ 73mg/100g in chicken blood, 10 ~ 15mg/100g in pig blood, higher in tomato, pineapple and cucumber (12 ~ 33mg/100g), and lower in sweet potato, mung bean sprout, onion and mushroom (0.06 ~ 0.7mg/100g).
Glutathione plays an important role in the biochemical defense system in human body and has many physiological functions. Its main physiological function is to scavenge free radicals in the body, which act as an important antioxidant in the body and protect the sulfhydryl group in many proteins and enzymes. The structure of GSH contains an active sulfhydryl -SH, which is easily oxidized and dehydrogenated. This specific structure makes GSH a major free radical scavenging agent in the body.
Glutathione also protects hemoglobin from oxidation by hydrogen peroxide, free radicals, and so on, allowing it to continue to transport oxygen properly. Under the action of oxidizing agent such as hydrogen peroxide, some hemoglobin in red blood cells is oxidized to ferric iron, which makes hemoglobin change to methemoglobin, and thus loses its oxygen-carrying capacity. Reduced glutathione can either bind directly to oxidants such as hydrogen peroxide to produce water and oxidized glutathione, or reduce methemoglobin to hemoglobin. Glutathione is abundant in human red blood cells, which plays an important role in the reduction of the sulfhydryl group, which protects the proteins on the red blood cell membrane and prevents hemolysis.
Glutathione has a strong protective effect against leukopenia caused by radiation and radiotherapeutic agents. Glutathione can be combined with toxic compounds, heavy metal ions or carcinogens that enter the human body, and promote its excretion to neutralize and detoxify.
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